The Phongsaly Food Security and Capacity Building Project (PFSP), funded under the NGO Food Security Programme (FSP) of the European Commission, had a 4-year run from October 2005 to October 2009. CARE Germany was the contract holder, and CARE Laos was the implementing agency. PFSP originally targeted 31 villages in Samphan and Khua districts, Phongsaly province in the Northeast of the Lao P.D.R. The target area is mountainous and sparsely populated. Its inhabitants rely on subsistence agriculture based on upland rice shifting cultivation, small-scale livestock raising and gathering and hunting of NTFP in the forests.